蘑菇菌床中胡桃肉状菌的防治

沙漠兔子

  
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 89.25pt; mso-char-indent-count: 8.5"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">蘑菇菌床中胡桃肉状菌的防治</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-comfficeffice" /><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">最近几年，在漳州部分地区，胡桃肉状菌发生满普遍的，我把自己的防治经验和大家分享分享。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">1</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">．在一次发酵时将培养料做的比较干点，以手绞培养料时水不会滴下为宜。这个水分条件胡桃肉状菌不适宜生长。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">2</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">．在二次发酵时，将温度升高到</span><span lang="EN-US">60-65</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">℃左右，如果在</span><span lang="EN-US">60</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">℃维持</span><span lang="EN-US">12</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">小时，</span><span lang="EN-US">65</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">℃维持</span><span lang="EN-US">6</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">小时。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">3</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">．覆土前在菌床上喷施多菌灵液</span><span lang="EN-US">2</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">斤</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">平方米，浓度是</span><span lang="EN-US">100</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">斤水加</span><span lang="EN-US">0.1-0.13</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">斤的多菌灵（一般有效成分是</span><span lang="EN-US">50%</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">）</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">4</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">．覆土后调第一次水也是多菌灵溶液，水量和浓度同上。记得</span> <span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">第一次调水就要用多菌灵液。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">5</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">．覆土后封窗爬土阶段床温不要超过</span><span lang="EN-US">25</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">℃，最好在</span><span lang="EN-US">23</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">℃左右。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">6.</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">如果在覆土后发现有胡桃肉状菌，要切断患病区，用薄膜从床底包起，以防止孢子或者菌丝体掉了到下一床，然后菌床上下两面喷一次高浓度福尔马林，然后喷一次</span><span lang="EN-US">50-100</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">倍多菌灵溶液，以床面湿润为宜，不要太湿。在干燥状态，胡桃肉状菌生长缓慢。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">最主要一点，多菌灵对胡桃肉状菌菌丝的生长和子实体形成有强烈抑制作用。所以在有胡桃肉状菌的菇房</span><span lang="EN-US">7-10</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'">天喷一次多菌灵溶液，可以有效防止胡桃肉状菌的扩散。</span></p><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"  Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">不足之处请各位指正</span>

林文武

<p>在取土时也要注意是否有被感染了胡逃肉状菌病菌，应尽量取自深层的土壤<br/><br/><br/><br/></p>

双孢菇论坛

曾经做过高温状态下的消毒，减产30%左右。

漳州菇

双孢菇论坛说的是经验，是切肤之痛啊。

沙漠兔子

其实我以前也对65度以上的消毒持怀疑态度。后来经过对菇农的长期询问了解后才发现，65度消毒对培养料的质量没有影响。但时间不可过长。顺便回复漳州菇，空间65度时，料温不会超过67度。而且这个67温度要空间保持65度3-5时后才会出现。这些本人都做过详细的实验。很多种菇都相信书上说的，我以前也很信，后来渐渐的发现问题就开始不信了。说多了。以前忘记说。以上的做法及数据是用在(来自)漳州模式菇房的，对其他模式菇房不一定适用。

双孢菇论坛

<div class="msgheader">QUOTE:</div><div class="msgborder"><b>以下是引用<i>漳州菇</i>在2011-5-18 14:58:32的发言</b><br/></div>
<p>十年以前就做过对比实验！</p>

漳州菇

<div class="msgheader">QUOTE:</div><div class="msgborder"><b>以下是引用<i>沙漠兔子</i>在2011-5-4 14:30:12的发言：</b><br/>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? new="New" ?Times mso-hansi-font-family: Roman?; New?>。，。。。。。。。。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">2</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? new="New" ?Times mso-hansi-font-family: Roman?; New?>．在二次发酵时，将温度升高到</span><span lang="EN-US">60-65</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? new="New" ?Times mso-hansi-font-family: Roman?; New?>℃左右，如果在</span><span lang="EN-US">60</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? new="New" ?Times mso-hansi-font-family: Roman?; New?>℃维持</span><span lang="EN-US">12</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? new="New" ?Times mso-hansi-font-family: Roman?; New?>小时，</span><span lang="EN-US">65</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? new="New" ?Times mso-hansi-font-family: Roman?; New?>℃维持</span><span lang="EN-US">6</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? new="New" ?Times mso-hansi-font-family: Roman?; New?>小时。</span></p><font style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff">。。。。。。。。。。。。。。</font></div><br/>兔子，这第二点可是要衡榷再三哦。。。。。。。。。。<br/>在<span lang="EN-US">60</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? new="New" ?Times mso-hansi-font-family: Roman?; New?>℃维持</span><span lang="EN-US">12</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? new="New" ?Times mso-hansi-font-family: Roman?; New?>小时，</span><span lang="EN-US">65</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? new="New" ?Times mso-hansi-font-family: Roman?; New?>℃维持</span><span lang="EN-US">6</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times new=" Roman?? new="New" ?Times mso-hansi-font-family: Roman?; New?>小时</span>。这时的料温你试过吗？