Transpiration-cohesion theory
<img src="attachments/dvbbs/2010-1/201012811201629986.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/>Transpiration-cohesion theory
<font face="Verdana">四 影响根系吸水的外界条件 <br/>（一）土壤中水分的性质<br/> 1. 土壤中水分存在三种物理状态：<br/> A.. 重力水：存在于大的土壤空隙中，很容易因重力的作用而渗透到土壤深层去的水。重力水因占据空气空间而有害无利。<br/> B. 束缚水：被土壤颗粒所紧紧吸附的水合层中的水，植物不能利用。<br/> C. 毛细管水：存在于土壤颗粒间的毛细管中的水分。能为植物吸收利用。<br/> <br/></font> <img src="attachments/dvbbs/2010-1/201012812502032663.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><?xml:namespace prefix = p ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:powerpoint" /><p:colorscheme colors="#ffffff,#000000,#808080,#000000,#00cc99,#3333cc,#ccccff,#b2b2b2"></p:colorscheme> <div class="O" v:shape="_x0000_s1026">
<div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-line-spacing: '100 50="50"0'; mso-char-wrap: 1; mso-kinsoku-overflow: 1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">气孔内外的相对湿度及水蒸汽浓度、水势的大小 </span></div>
<div style="mso-line-spacing: '100 50="50"0'; mso-char-wrap: 1; mso-kinsoku-overflow: 1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">附：空气水势的计算公式：</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'"> </span></div>
<div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-line-spacing: '100 50="50"0'; mso-char-wrap: 1; mso-kinsoku-overflow: 1"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"><i>Ψ</i></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"><i>=RT/v</i></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman'; POSITION: relative; TOP: 0.37em; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-text-raise: -25%"><i>w,m</i></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"><i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>lnRH=1.06TlgRH (Mpa) </i></span></div>
<div style="mso-line-spacing: '100 50="50"0'; mso-char-wrap: 1; mso-kinsoku-overflow: 1"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; COLOR: maroon; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">5. </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; COLOR: maroon; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">降低蒸腾的途径： </span></div>
<div style="mso-line-spacing: '100 50="50"0'; mso-char-wrap: 1; mso-kinsoku-overflow: 1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">（</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">1</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">）减少蒸腾面积；（</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">2</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">）利用抗蒸腾剂：无色塑料、低粘性蜡、</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">醋酸苯汞、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">CO</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman'; POSITION: relative; TOP: 0.37em; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-text-raise: -25%">2</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">ABA</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">等 </span></div>
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合理灌溉的生理基础
<?xml:namespace prefix = p ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:powerpoint" /><p:colorscheme colors="#ffffff,#000000,#808080,#000000,#00cc99,#3333cc,#ccccff,#b2b2b2"></p:colorscheme> <div class="O" v:shape="_x0000_s1026">
<div style="mso-line-spacing: '100 20="20"0'; mso-margin-left-alt: 216; mso-char-wrap: 1; mso-kinsoku-overflow: 1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 133%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman'"><span style="LEFT: -4.21%; POSITION: absolute; mso-special-format: bullet">?</span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">灌溉增产原因（略） </span></div>
<div style="mso-line-spacing: '100 20="20"0'; mso-margin-left-alt: 216; mso-char-wrap: 1; mso-kinsoku-overflow: 1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 133%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman'"><span style="LEFT: -4.21%; POSITION: absolute; mso-special-format: bullet">?</span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">作物的需水规律 </span></div>
<div style="mso-line-spacing: '100 20="20"0'; mso-margin-left-alt: 216; mso-char-wrap: 1; mso-kinsoku-overflow: 1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">1) </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">不同作物需水不同：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">C4<C3 </span></div>
<div style="mso-line-spacing: '100 20="20"0'; mso-margin-left-alt: 216; mso-char-wrap: 1; mso-kinsoku-overflow: 1"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>2) </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">同一作物不同生育期需水量不同 </span></div>
<div style="mso-line-spacing: '100 20="20"0'; mso-margin-left-alt: 216; mso-char-wrap: 1; mso-kinsoku-overflow: 1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">3)</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">最大需水期和</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'"><u>需水临界期</u></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"><u>(critical period of water) </u></span></div>
<div style="mso-line-spacing: '100 20="20"0'; mso-margin-left-alt: 216; mso-char-wrap: 1; mso-kinsoku-overflow: 1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 133%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman'"><span style="LEFT: -4.21%; POSITION: absolute; mso-special-format: bullet">?</span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">合理灌溉的指标 </span></div>
<div style="mso-line-spacing: '100 20="20"0'; mso-margin-left-alt: 216; mso-char-wrap: 1; mso-kinsoku-overflow: 1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">1)</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">形态指标：长势、叶色 </span></div>
<div style="mso-line-spacing: '100 20="20"0'; mso-margin-left-alt: 216; mso-char-wrap: 1; mso-kinsoku-overflow: 1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">2)</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">生理指标：水势、渗透势、气孔导度、细胞汁液浓度 </span></div>
<div style="mso-line-spacing: '100 20="20"0'; mso-margin-left-alt: 216; mso-char-wrap: 1; mso-kinsoku-overflow: 1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 133%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New="New"Roman'"><span style="LEFT: -4.21%; POSITION: absolute; mso-special-format: bullet">?</span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">灌溉的方法：漫灌、喷灌、滴灌 【全文完】</span></div>
<div style="mso-line-spacing: '100 20="20"0'; mso-margin-left-alt: 216; mso-char-wrap: 1; mso-kinsoku-overflow: 1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'"><u></u></span></div>
<div style="mso-line-spacing: '100 50="50"0'; mso-margin-left-alt: 216; mso-char-wrap: 1; mso-kinsoku-overflow: 1"></div></div> <img src="attachments/dvbbs/2010-1/201012812431161345.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/> <img src="attachments/dvbbs/2010-1/201012812433294826.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/> <img src="attachments/dvbbs/2010-1/201012812435188587.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/> <img src="attachments/dvbbs/2010-1/201012812443045081.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="attachments/dvbbs/2010-1/201012812443037624.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/><img src="attachments/dvbbs/2010-1/201012812443017800.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/> <img src="attachments/dvbbs/2010-1/20101281246634095.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/>