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jbxll 发表于 2008-12-15 14:46:07

食用菌生产存在的问题与对策*原创

<div id="textstyle_45" style="FONT-SIZE: 14px; OVERFLOW: hidden; WORD-BREAK: keep-all; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; WORD-WRAP: break-word">现在食用菌生产存在几个短板：一是技术含量不高；二是生产原料单一；三是机械化程度太低；四是生产规模普遍较小；五是生产周期安排脱离市场。</div><br/>
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<p class="p0" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">以下是引用发酵罐在2008-11-20 21:32:30的发言：</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="p0" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="p0" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">每天每班3000斤的量</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="p0" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">     材料费：</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="p0" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">袋子17*36折角袋3300个左右160元</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="p0" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">玉米芯颗粒1000斤180元</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="p0" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">花生壳颗粒1000斤130元</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="p0" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">棉籽壳800斤380元</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="p0" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">玉米粉150斤120元</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="p0" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">复合肥30斤60元</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="p0" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">石灰90斤石膏30斤30元</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="p0" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">药物100元 </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="p0" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">灭菌260元（包括人工费）</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="p0" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">电费20元</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="p0" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">液体菌种40升50元</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="p0" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">合计1390元</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="p0" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">     人工费：</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="p0" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">拌料20元</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="p0" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">装袋150元（包括装锅卸锅入接种室）</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="p0" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">接种125元（包括入发菌室）</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="p0" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">移棚24元</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="p0" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">开口12元</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="p0" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">合计331元</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="p0" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'">至入棚出菇前1721元。成品每袋合0.6元左右（成品率97%）</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="p0" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: '宋体'; mso-spacerun: 'yes'"><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><br/>

jbxll 发表于 2008-12-15 15:26:58

对策：<br/><br/>一是熟悉市场，调研市场，掌握市场特点，价格规律。二是提高技术，熟练掌握制种、发菌、出菇的技术，牢牢掌握其关键环节。三是加大机械设备在生产中的运用，降低人力成本，提高工作效率。四是根据市场波动情况安排生产，控制好出菇时间与周期。五是设计好生产流程，制定技术标准，按流程和标准进行生产。<br/><br/>具体论述将在下一步进行。

he525249 发表于 2008-12-15 18:23:29

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