Chinese "mushroom of immortality" genome mapped
A medical mushroom has joined the modern age, added to the ranks of gene-mapped organisms.Used in Chinese medicine for centuries, the Lingzhi "mushroom of immortality" or Ganoderma lucidum, has "antitumour, antihypertensive, antiviral and immunomodulatory," properties, notes the Nature Communications study led by Shilin Chen of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College. Some 400 medically-active compounds are made by the mushroom, the study authors note.
"As one of the most famous traditional Chinese medicines, G. lucidum has a long track record of safe use, and many pharmaceutical compounds have been found in this medicinal macrofungus" says the study. "However, the understanding of the basic biology of G. lucidum is still very limited."
So, they decided to map its genes, producing a first genome of the mushroom.
Overall, the Lingzhi (or reishi) mushroom possesses more than 12,600 genes packed into 13 chromosomes, the researchers report. Several hundred involve medically-useful compounds called Triterpenoids that may be effective in treating tumors. The genome reveals steps used to create them, the study authors find, useful for labs.
The mushrooms live on rotting trees, and many of its other genes are involved in decaying wood, making their associated proteins and enzymes potentially useful for biofuels applications.
"The genome sequence will make it possible to realize the full potential of G. lucidum as a source of pharmacologically active compounds and industrial enzymes," the study concludes.
医疗蘑菇已经加入了现代的年龄，添加映射基因生物体的行列。
在几个世纪的中国医药使用，灵芝的“蘑菇”的不朽或灵芝，有“抗癌，降压，抗病毒和免疫调节”，属性，票据石林，中国医学科学院北京协和学院陈为首的自然传播研究医学院。约400名医疗活性化合物蘑菇，研究人员注意到。
“作为最有名的中国传统中药之一，灵芝有一个安全使用的长期跟踪记录，并已在此药用macrofungus发现许多药物化合物”说，这项研究。 “不过，灵芝的基本生物学的理解仍然是非常有限的。”
于是，他们决定绘制其基因，生产蘑菇的第一个基因组。
总体而言，灵芝（灵芝）蘑菇拥有超过12,600个基因，装到13条染色体，研究人员报告。几百涉及医疗有用的化合物称为三萜类化合物，可能是有效治疗肿瘤。用于创建它们的基因组揭示的步骤，研究人员发现，实验室有用。
蘑菇住上腐烂的树木，和许多其他基因都参与了木材腐朽，使潜在的有用的生物燃料的应用及其相关的蛋白质和酶。
“基因组序列，将使其能够充分发挥潜力实现了灵芝的药理活性的化合物和工业用酶的来源，研究得出结论。”
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