[原创]光线与食用菌对食用菌生长的关系
最近正在看关于灰树花栽培方面的书籍,但是遇到一个问题,有的说灰树花原基形成阶段不需要光线的诱导,光线会抑制原基形成;而有的写原基形成阶段必须要光线诱导,并以庆元的灰树花栽培模式为例,原基形成阶段必须要一定的散射光诱导。到底光线在食用菌生长过程中的作用是什么样的?是诱导还是抑制?前段时间查阅了相关资料,整理如下,请有生产经验的专家来说一说各自的看法。<br/> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" c="c" /><meta name="ProgId" c="c" /><meta name="Generator" c="c" /><meta name="Originator" c="c" /><link style="background-color: rgb(255, 0, 0);" rel="File-List" href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5Cabc%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_filelist.xml"/><!--><xml><w:WordDocument>
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<!--><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 宋体; background-color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">食用菌生长发育过程中,光照是一个不可忽略的因素,不同品种食用菌对不同波长可见光的反应不一,不同生长发育阶段对光照强度、光质要求均有差异。光照既可刺激真菌发育,也可抑制真菌发育</span><sup style="background-color: rgb(255, 0, 0);"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New="New"Roman";" lang="EN-US"></span></sup><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New="New"Roman"; background-color: rgb(255, 0, 0);" lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 宋体; background-color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">光照的作用机制是复杂的,并受其他环境因子或营养因子的影响。真菌对光照具有“记忆”功能,即使接受的光照极少,也会影响随后它在黑暗环境中的发育</span><sup style="background-color: rgb(255, 0, 0);"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New="New"Roman";" lang="EN-US"></span></sup><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 宋体; background-color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">。大部分学者认为在食用菌生长发育过程中光处理的机理主要是诱导作用</span><sup style="background-color: rgb(255, 0, 0);"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New="New"Roman";" lang="EN-US"></span></sup><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 宋体; background-color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">,光谱中适量紫外光、蓝色光可促进子实体形成,而蓝色光、黄色光、橙色光、红光基本是无效的。目前普遍认为食用菌营养生长阶段不需要光线诱导,而营养生长向生殖生长阶段转变阶段则需要适量的光诱导;还有学者认为光照强度对食用菌菌丝生长、出菇、产量、菇形态特征及色泽等方面均有影响</span><sup style="background-color: rgb(255, 0, 0);"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New="New"Roman";" lang="EN-US"></span></sup><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 宋体;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">,并且不同的光照强度和光质可以改变菌柄长度和菌盖宽度间的比例关系。</span><br/></span><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" c="c" /><meta name="ProgId" c="c" /><meta name="Generator" c="c" /><meta name="Originator" c="c" /><link rel="File-List" href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5Cabc%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_filelist.xml"/><!--><xml>
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[原创]
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;" align="left"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US">[</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US">53]</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US"> </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US">Murao S and Satoi S. Studies on pepsin inhibitor(S-PI) fromStreptomyces naniniwaensis. Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, 1971
(35):1477–1487.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span>
</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;" align="left"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;">村尾泽夫</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US">.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;">促进诱导子实体形成的物质</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US">.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;">国外食用菌</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US">,1985(3):33–36.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;" align="left"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US">Odani S.Tominaga K. Kondou S et al.The inhibitory properties
and primary structure of a novel serine proteinase inhibitor from the truiting
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Biochemistry.1999,262(3):915–923.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;" align="left"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US">Badbam ER. The effect of light upon basidiocarp
inhibition in Psilocybe cubensis. Mycologia, 1980(72):136–142.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 24pt; text-indent: -24pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;">刘明月</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;">何长征</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US">, </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;">谭金莲等</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US">.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;">光质对金针菇子实体生长发育的影响</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US">.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;">中国食用菌</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US">,1997,16(6):11–13. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 24pt; text-indent: -24pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;">何莉莉</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;">韩丽荣</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;">杨延杰</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US">. </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;">温度和光照对鲍鱼菇子实体生长发育的影响</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US">. </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;">中国蔬菜</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US">, 2005(12): 24–26.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;" align="left"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;">黄建成</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;">刘成荣</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;">林虬</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US">.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;">白金针菇工厂化生产工艺研究</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US">. </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体;">福建农业学报</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US">,2007,22(4): 393–396.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;" align="left"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US"></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">张桂香</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">李彬</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US">.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">日光温室内不同光照强度对食用菌生长发育的影响</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US">.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">甘肃农业大学学报</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US">,1999,34(3):291</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US">–</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;" lang="EN-US">295.</span></p> 有利有弊吧,就好像植物生活需要温度,温度高了植物萎蔫,低了冻害。楼主如果有什么重大发现第一时间和我们分享啊!O(∩_∩)O哈哈~<br/><br/>每个人都有自己的特长! <div class="msgheader">QUOTE:</div><div class="msgborder"><b>以下是引用<i>陈昭</i>在2010-1-17 10:05:42的发言:</b><br/>
有利有弊吧,就好像植物生活需要温度,温度高了植物萎蔫,低了冻害。楼主如果有什么重大发现第一时间和我们分享啊!O(∩_∩)O哈哈~<br/><br/>每个人都有自己的特长!
</div><p></p> 我这个讨论的不是光线强度问题,而是是否需要,到底光线在食用菌原基形成和生长中是起诱导作用还是抑制作用? <div class="msgheader">QUOTE:</div><div class="msgborder"><b>以下是引用<i>beibeiyu</i>在2010-1-17 10:21:47的发言:</b><br/>
<p></p> 我这个讨论的不是光线强度问题,而是是否需要,到底光线在食用菌原基形成和生长中是起诱导作用还是抑制作用? </div>
<p>顺便说一下,大家明白光强不见得是可见光的强度,只知道光强有范围,不一样的菌种需要的光强是不同的。据最新的新闻报道,真菌可以依靠射线生存,所以你这个问题需要专家级的回答,请恕小生解释不了。<br/><br/>帮你顶一下帖子!等专家过来</p> <a href="http://tech.qq.com/a/20070528/000094.htm">新闻链接:美国科学家找到依靠射线生存的超级真菌【点击】</a> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<p align="left"><font size="5"><font color="#0000ff"><b>食用菌光生物学(photobiology)研究</b><b></b></font></font></p>
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<p align="left">光生物学(photobiology)是研究光与生物相互关系的科学,是生物学、化学、物理学等学科相互交叉、相互渗透形成的学科。其基本任务是阐明光作为一个环境信息如何作用于生物有机体,以及生物产生对光反应的机理。 <br/> 主要有:(1)光技术和光生物学的实验方法;(2)生物光谱学;(3)光化学,研究由于光的作用而具有激发态电子的生物大分子及其反应;(4)光敏化作用,研究生物体吸收光的敏化剂及其对生物体产生的影响;(5)环境光生物学,检验一些光生物学过程和它们与整个生态系统的关系;(6)光形态建成,研究光信号是如何在宏观水平、亚细胞及分子水平调节着有机体的结构和形态的改变;(7)光运动,研究一个生物的整体或部分的空间位移是如何由光来调节的;(8)光合作用,研究生物体如何将光能转变成稳定的化学能及生物能的;(9)生物发光及其机制;(10)</p></div></td></tr></tbody></table>
<p><b><font color="#0000ff" size="5">研究 光敏素 问题<br/><br/></font></b></p>
<p><strong><font color="#0000ff" size="5"></font></strong> </p> <div class="msgheader">QUOTE:</div><div class="msgborder"><b>以下是引用<i>陈昭</i>在2010-1-17 10:40:10的发言:</b><br/>
<p>顺便说一下,大家明白光强不见得是可见光的强度,只知道光强有范围,不一样的菌种需要的光强是不同的。据最新的新闻报道,真菌可以依靠射线生存,所以你这个问题需要专家级的回答,请恕小生解释不了。<br/><br/>帮你顶一下帖子!等专家过来</p>
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呵呵谢谢 您谦虚了 <div class="msgheader">QUOTE:</div><div class="msgborder"><b>以下是引用<i>ffmushroom</i>在2010-1-17 10:51:59的发言:</b><br/>
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<p align="left"><font size="5"><font color="#0000ff"><b>食用菌光生物学(photobiology)研究</b><b></b></font></font></p>
<p align="left"><b><font color="#0000ff" size="5"> </font></b></p>
<p align="left">光生物学(photobiology)是研究光与生物相互关系的科学,是生物学、化学、物理学等学科相互交叉、相互渗透形成的学科。其基本任务是阐明光作为一个环境信息如何作用于生物有机体,以及生物产生对光反应的机理。 <br/> 主要有:(1)光技术和光生物学的实验方法;(2)生物光谱学;(3)光化学,研究由于光的作用而具有激发态电子的生物大分子及其反应;(4)光敏化作用,研究生物体吸收光的敏化剂及其对生物体产生的影响;(5)环境光生物学,检验一些光生物学过程和它们与整个生态系统的关系;(6)光形态建成,研究光信号是如何在宏观水平、亚细胞及分子水平调节着有机体的结构和形态的改变;(7)光运动,研究一个生物的整体或部分的空间位移是如何由光来调节的;(8)光合作用,研究生物体如何将光能转变成稳定的化学能及生物能的;(9)生物发光及其机制;(10)</p></div></td></tr></tbody></table>
<p><b><font color="#0000ff" size="5">研究 光敏素 问题<br/><br/></font></b></p>
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以前没有听说过的学科,有时间要了解一下,谢谢
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