[分享]食用菌液体菌种应用
<span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; COLOR: #755007; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">（</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; COLOR: #755007; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">1</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; COLOR: #755007; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">）原理与工艺简介 <p align="left"><b>液体菌种生产设备是近几年刚发展起来并逐渐成熟的，因此很多人对其原理和工艺流程很陌生。在这里我对此进行简单介绍</b><b> </b><b><br/></b><b> 一、液体菌种设备基本原理</b><b> </b><b><br/></b><b> 任何一种食用菌自身的生长必须满足其对温度、湿度、需氧量、养分等的需要，同时必须避免杂菌感染。在深层发酵技术上称之为选择性发酵技术，如啤酒生产技术当属此例，而白酒生产则是生物菌群发酵技术。</b><b> </b><b><br/></b><b> 液体菌种发酵设备（包括四大系统，温控系统由控制器、电热管等组成；供气系统由空气压缩机、输送管道、空气过滤器等组成；冷却系统由热交换器、进出水管道组成；搅拌系统由射流器、提升管等组成。</b><b> </b><b><br/></b><b> 二、液体菌种生产的关键技术</b><b> </b><b><br/></b><b>1</b><b>、溶氧量</b><b> </b><b><br/></b><b> 液体菌种生产中最关键的是培养液中氧的溶解量，因为在菌丝生长过程中，必须不断的吸收溶解其中的氧气来维持自身的新陈代谢，氧气在液体（水）中的溶解量与压力、温度有关，同时与培养液的接触面积、渗透压有很大的关系。因此我们设计发酵设备时有效地解决了这些问题，如安装射流器使气泡细碎度增加等。</b><b> </b><b><br/></b><b>2</b><b>、空气过滤</b><b><br/></b><b> 技术的关键就是保证进入的空气无菌度高，因此必须选择孔径小、材料先进的过滤膜。一般细菌直径在</b><b>0.5-5um,</b><b>酵母菌在</b><b>1-10um</b><b>，病毒一般在</b><b>20-400mu</b><b>，所以选择过滤膜时应综合考虑以上因素。当然如果选的太小，成本将大幅度提高。另外环境对于空气影响很大</b><b>,</b><b>在空气压缩机房、制种车间必须保持环境清洁。</b><b> </b><b><br/></b><b>3</b><b>、培养液 </b><b><br/></b><b> 培养液是菌丝生长发育的营养源，要求营养全面均衡。不同的菌种对营养要求偏重不同。配制原料有糖、麸皮、磷酸二氢钾、硫酸镁、维生素、蛋白胨、土豆汁、酵母浸膏等。配置培养液时，先将土豆片、麸皮一起煮熟，将汁液滤出，后加入其它辅料混匀即可。</b><b> </b><b><br/></b><b>4</b><b>、接种</b><b> </b><b><br/></b><b> 培养器上端有接种口，也是装料口，将母种并瓶后加入抑菌剂，而后必须在无菌条件下（如火焰圈的保护）接入罐体内，要求动作快、操作准确。</b><b> </b><b><br/></b><b>5</b><b>、环境</b><b><br/></b><b> 如前所述，环境对菌种生产影响很大，过滤器本身不可能把杂菌百分之百地滤掉，减少环境中的杂菌基数是非常重要的，液体菌种母种接入到经灭菌的培养液中只要能形成对杂菌的生长优势就可以抑制杂菌感染，也就是说，液体菌种培养不是建立在绝对无菌的前提下相反是建立在相对无菌的前提下。就此意义上说，保持环境清洁，减少空气中杂菌基数，对于提高菌种培养成功率意义较大。</b><b> </b><b><br/></b><b> 三、</b><b> </b><b>液体菌种生产流程</b><b> </b><b><br/></b><b> 工艺流程图：</b><b> </b><b>空气压缩</b><b>→</b><b>过滤</b><b> </b><b><br/></b><b>↓ </b><b><br/></b><b> 配料</b><b>→</b><b>装罐</b><b>→</b><b>灭菌</b><b>→</b><b>冷却</b><b>→</b><b>接种</b><b>→</b><b>培养</b><b>→</b><b>液体种</b><b> </b><b><br/></b><b>↑ </b><b><br/></b><b> 试管斜面种</b><b>→ </b><b>摇瓶菌种或三角瓶颗粒种</b><b> </b><b><br/></b><b> 配料时先将土豆去皮切片，与麸皮混合后用不锈钢锅煮熟并取汁，在将辅料磷酸二氢钾、硫酸镁等溶入，混匀后装入罐中加热，至</b><b>121.3</b><b>℃</b><b>并维持</b><b>40</b><b>分钟左右进行灭菌，灭菌结束后用冷水冷却至培养温度，而后将并瓶后的三角瓶种接上进行培养，培养时根据不同的菌种，设定适宜的温度。</b><b> </b><b><br/></b><b> 培养期间应注意观察，并做好记录。包括温度、压力、气流量、排出气体的气味等。如遇到停电，排气阀自动关闭或人工关闭来保持罐中处于正压状态。来电后重新启动，并打开排气阀继续培养。培养过程中，可随时无菌操作采样分析，几天后待菌球密度合适（从视镜观察）即可转接栽培袋。</b> </p></span>
<p align="left">食用菌液体菌种应用---（2）设备配置 <span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">随着液体菌种在食用菌生产中应用技术逐渐成熟，希望购置液体制种设备的朋友也越来越多，由于很多人对其配套设备不太熟悉。在这里我对此进行简单介绍</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"> <br/> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">一、发酵罐的配置</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><br/> 1</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">、发酵罐的大小</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><br/> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">发酵罐的容积，要根据自己的生产量来配置，一般以计划生产袋数的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">0.025</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">倍配置发酵罐，也可略大。如计划生产</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">4000</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">袋，即最小要配置</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">4000*0.025=100</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">升的发酵罐。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><br/> 2</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">、发酵罐的数量</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><br/> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">如要连续生产一般要配置六套发酵罐，以保证每天需要的用种量。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><br/> 3</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">、灭菌配置</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><br/> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">现在各生产厂家生产的小型发酵罐一般都配备灭菌系统不需另行配置。但大型发酵罐</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">300</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">升以上应另配置高压灭菌锅炉，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><br/> 4</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">、控制器配置</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><br/> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">现在生产厂家都配置自动控制系统一般不需另行配置。但以选择数字可调的为好，便于改换种植品种时调整。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><br/> 5</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">、气源配置</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><br/> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">小型发酵罐一般选择无油气泵，大型发酵罐要选择空压机并根据空压机配套油水分离器粗过滤器等。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><br/> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">精过滤必须选择孔径小、材料先进的膜过滤。一般直径在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">0.1-0.5um</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">以下。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><br/> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">二、摇床配置</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><br/> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">一般配置</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">24</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">瓶</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">5000</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">毫升的摇床就能满足生产需要，往复摇床要求每分钟</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">65</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">次，旋转式摇床要求</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">200</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">转。若使用大型发酵罐必须配置种子罐。也可使用震荡式摇床。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><br/> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">三、接种及配置</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><br/> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">罐用接种器最少要配置三个，用于向发酵罐内接种。（通过实验利用接种器向罐内接种很少发生污染）接种流水线应按每天</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">6000--8000</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">袋一条配置，空气净化设备应根据接种室的大小配置。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><br/> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">四、其他配置</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><br/> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">根据生产需要还应配置无菌接种台，高压锅，恒温箱，显微镜各种工具等。</span></p>
<p align="left">食用菌液体菌种---（3）设备安装 <b><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #3366ff; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><a href="http://www.mbbs.com.cn/" target="_blank"><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??"><span lang="EN-US">由于发酵罐各种型号安装工艺不尽相同，现以小型发酵罐为例作一简单介绍</span></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; text-underline: none"><br/></span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??"><span lang="EN-US">一、发酵罐安装：</span></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; text-underline: none"><br/></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none">1</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??"><span lang="EN-US">、场地，安装发酵罐的房间必须密闭，最好设有缓冲间，必须配备上下水，电源<span lang="EN-US">、紫外灯空调等，地面必须硬化最好用水磨石，墙壁顶棚必须光滑，以利于清洁。</span></span></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; text-underline: none"><br/></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none">2</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??"><span lang="EN-US">、发酵罐安装，小型发酵罐由于生产厂家不同结构略有差异，一般罐体和控制器和过滤器都是整体设计，不用组装，只要把底盘平稳的固定在地面上即可。</span></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; text-underline: none"><br/></span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??"><span lang="EN-US">二、气泵安装</span></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; text-underline: none"><br/></span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??"><span lang="EN-US">气泵必须单独装在采气室内，绝对不能和发酵罐安装在同一房间，采气室要求干燥、洁净，进入采气室的空气必须经过粗过滤。</span></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; text-underline: none"><br/></span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??"><span lang="EN-US">三、摇床安装</span></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; text-underline: none"><br/></span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; text-underline: none; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??"><span lang="EN-US">一般摇床间和母种室小接种室连接在一起，外设缓冲间，摇床用固定罗丝固定在摇床间地面中间。</span></span></a></span></b></p>
<p align="left">食用菌液体菌种——（4）生产要点 </p>
<p align="left"><b><a href="http://www.mbbs.com.cn/" target="_blank">母种制作<br/>食用菌液体制种，母种制作与固体母种制作基本相同，但也有些不同。<br/>首先将从供种单位购得或自己保存的菌种进行转管，等转接后试管内的菌丝长到二至三公分时，挑取两端一公分左右的尖端菌丝，再次转接，待试管将要发满时即可使用。严禁使用保藏后试管转接摇瓶。 </a></b></p>
<p align="left"><b> </b><b>摇瓶菌种</b><b><br/></b><b> </b><b>摇瓶菌种发酵完成后，应立即使用，否则应放入冰箱内保存，但以一星期为限。</b><b><br/></b><b> </b><b>发酵罐菌种</b><b><br/></b><b> </b><b>接入发酵罐的菌种必须使用液体菌种，生产上不可以使用固体菌种（所谓的液体专用母种只不过是概念的炒作，其实质就是细的木屑菌种）转接发酵罐。</b></p>
<p align="left"><b> </b><b>发酵罐生产的液体菌种必须立即使用，在接种时间上没有后推余地！若不能及时使用只好报废，生产中严禁使用放置过的液体菌种。</b></p> 非常希望把液体菌种技术应用于生产，但是应用的不多，做菌种不错，品种上要注意。 <p>发酵罐可以用搅拌代替气泵吗，然后通入医用氧气，医用氧气用膜过滤，这样是不是可以减少污染？</p> 请问毛老师“一般配置24瓶5000毫升的摇床”，还是500ml三角瓶呢？ 请教一下都有哪些抑菌剂？要加多少？ {:soso_e179:}今天才看到这帖
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