想转行做香菇栽培,哪位老师愿意收徒啊?
<font size="4">我将要介绍的是我及全县菇农曾经发生和正在发生的失败的教训和成功的经验,以下每一句失败的原因都有人为此付出了真金白银。希望大家能得到一些启发。<br/> 一、失败的原因<br/> (1)菇房 从2005年起全县开始修建菇房,看书参观知道菇房好处多多,本以为从此高枕无忧,却不想问题很多。1.投资大 修菇房把本钱都变成了固定资产,再投料已无本钱,或者给贷款修房可最后连利息也付不了。2.密封麻烦 通风口一开始订塑料,后用袋子堵,最后用板推拉,如果消毒还需用泥封,40米长的菇房176个通风口,堵严很费事。3.保温保湿差 受本钱所限,大家所修的都是24墙。里面是水泥地面,抹墙用的白灰泥,吸湿太厉害,出菇空气湿度低,土层干的快,到了春季,保湿更因难。4.贪多 投资1000平方米全部费用为7万元,受05年高价影响,06年因有部分贷款大家开始修菇房最少为1000平方米,大部分为3000平方米,有各别的户达到了8000平方米,技术没有达到,面积却栽培的很多,到了08年大家赔的很悲壮。5.架高费工 菇房大部分为8层高,也有一个达到了10层,不过种草菇通蒸气时倒了。架高进出料麻烦,费工费事,与地棚相比,一平方米多投资3-4元。<br/> 总结:尽量对菇房做一下保温,今年已有菇农正在对菇房改造,具体效果,我以后会给大家介绍;在北方,适宜4-5层的床架。即能二次发酵,又省工省力,打水采菇不用爬上爬下。</font>菌袋对环境污染很厉害,怎么办?
<p><strong><font color="#0000ff" size="6"></font></strong> </p>顶上去
<p>双孢菇的确很费事费力,楼主总结的教训很好。</p> <p>好贴,楼主太伟大了,这对处入行着敲一个好的警钟,不要盲目,要厚积薄发</p>[转帖]食用菌生产的机械化技术
<font face="Verdana">同</font><font face="Verdana">感<font face="Verdana">!</font><font face="Verdana">楼<font face="Verdana">主</font><font face="Verdana">顶<font face="Verdana">你</font><font face="Verdana">继<font face="Verdana">续<font face="Verdana">!</font><font face="Verdana">我<font face="Verdana">地</font><font face="Verdana">有<font face="Verdana">一</font><font face="Verdana">人<font face="Verdana">发</font><font face="Verdana">展<font face="Verdana">双</font><font face="Verdana">孢<font face="Verdana">菇</font><font face="Verdana">十<font face="Verdana">五</font><font face="Verdana">年<font face="Verdana">前</font><font face="Verdana">就<font face="Verdana">开</font><font face="Verdana">始,<font face="Verdana">每</font><font face="Verdana">年<font face="Verdana">骗</font><font face="Verdana">人<font face="Verdana">种</font><font face="Verdana">都<font face="Verdana">亏</font>,<font face="Verdana">包</font><font face="Verdana">技<font face="Verdana">术</font><font face="Verdana">包<font face="Verdana">回</font><font face="Verdana">收,<font face="Verdana">毎</font><font face="Verdana">平<font face="Verdana">方</font><font face="Verdana">七<font face="Verdana">斤</font><font face="Verdana">左<font face="Verdana">右</font>,<font face="Verdana">他</font><font face="Verdana">赚<font face="Verdana">了<font face="Verdana">钱</font><font face="Verdana">别<font face="Verdana">人<font face="Verdana">亏</font><font face="Verdana">死,<font face="Verdana">还</font><font face="Verdana">卖<font face="Verdana">菌</font><font face="Verdana">种<font face="Verdana">呢</font>,<font face="Verdana">回</font><font face="Verdana">收<font face="Verdana">最</font><font face="Verdana">多<font face="Verdana">一</font><font face="Verdana">元,<font face="Verdana">奉</font><font face="Verdana">劝<font face="Verdana">新</font><font face="Verdana">人<font face="Verdana">莫</font><font face="Verdana">盲<font face="Verdana">目</font><font face="Verdana">进<font face="Verdana">入</font><font face="Verdana">食<font face="Verdana">用</font><font face="Verdana">菌<font face="Verdana">界</font>.</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font> <div class="msgheader">QUOTE:</div><div class="msgborder"><b>以下是引用<i>wygzxf2008</i>在2009-6-25 11:47:06的发言:</b><br/><p><font size="4"> 谢谢本帖被加为精华,我会把整个栽培过程都总结一遍,内容包括(1)菇房(2)原料(3)配方(4)预湿(5)前发酵(6)后发酵(7)整床调水(8)备土(9)覆土(10)出菇前管理(11)秋菇管理(12)冬菇管理(13)春菇管理。大部分为教训。如果用我县的经验能让新手或正在栽培的朋友少走一些弯路,那么我的目的也就达到了。</font></p></div>
<div class="msgheader">QUOTE:</div><div class="msgborder"><b>以下是引用<i>剑笑</i>在2009-6-25 14:41:01的发言:</b><br/>
<p>看见如此伟大的前辈,不得不顶!<br/>谢谢楼主以及各位无私奉献的前辈!</p></div>这叫奉献,和某些人形成鲜明的对比。我不种双孢菇,也顶楼主。让人少走多少弯路啊 <br/> 不错,顶一个. 食用菌的突出特点环节多、链条厂,前一发动全身,任何一点变化都有可能对最终结果产生很大的影响。
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">4</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">)预湿</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">最不起眼的一个环节,却是最关键的环节之一,很多人从这上面马虎,以至于培养料发酵不好造成减产。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">01</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年东乡有个地棚种植户第一年栽培</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">600</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">平方米,产量平均</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">18</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">斤,第二年预湿用潜水泵按软管打眼放在料上,自已感觉非常省事,建堆发酵二堆时料干了,加了大量生水,三翻料不生温,到四翻时料已发霉味,当年产量很低,种了二年菇就这样草草结束。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">现在改成菇房后单户种菇面积很大,预湿时一支水管有人预湿</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">500</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">平方的料,也有预湿</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">1000</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">平方的料,更有预湿</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">2000</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">平方料的,三天下来,料少的预湿的很好,料多的还干的很,但是都一样建了堆,料干的发酵效果可想而知,最后是种的越多,效果越差。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">在论坛中有外国种菇的照片,预湿有预湿池,并有预湿前后麦草的对比照片,我们把草投入水中</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">5-6</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">小时后捞出,草的顔色就变成了深黄色,即使草不滴水,内部已含有大量水分,就象制种泡麦煮麦,水分最后已进入麦料内部,即使风吹几个小时也干不了,这才是真正的预湿透。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">记得</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">01</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年我场做了部分玉米芯料的平菇出菇袋,玉米芯只是用水喷了四五遍,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">没有湿透就发酵了,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">出来的菇又轻又难看,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">还以为玉米芯的料种菇不行。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">现在论坛中玉米芯料的平菇出的很好的照片</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">我想玉米芯定是在水中泡透了。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">如果料预湿不好,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">虽然建堆和一翻能再加水</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">但是料没有很好的保水性而且一翻的时候一半的发酵时间过去了,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">料的质量就会大打折扣。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">总结</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">:</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">预湿贪多图快只会自己害自己,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">就象大量制种时我们不能图快泡几个小时就装瓶,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">记住,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">一万斤料和一斤料预湿的最后效果是一样的。</span></p> <p>后续下文,请继续,结果完了再讨论。</p>