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<span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; COLOR: #005700; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">种食用菌冬季管理注意三点</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #005700; FONT-FAMILY: ??; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><br style="mso-special-character: line-break"/><br style="mso-special-character: line-break"/> <p style="WORD-BREAK: break-all"><span style="COLOR: #005700; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">利用冬闲田以稻草、粪料为主要原料栽培蘑菇，可大大增加收入，栽培后的残料还可直接还田或作为生物有机肥的原料。现将利用冬闲田栽培蘑菇的技术介绍如下：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #005700; FONT-FAMILY: ??"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="WORD-BREAK: break-all"><span style="COLOR: #005700; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??"> 培养料配方堆料时以每平方米菇床计，用干稻草</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #005700; FONT-FAMILY: ??">12.5</span><span style="COLOR: #005700; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">～</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #005700; FONT-FAMILY: ??">13<?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue=".5" unitname="公斤">.5<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??"><span lang="EN-US">公斤</span></span></st1:chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">、菜子饼</span><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue=".8" unitname="公斤">0.8<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??"><span lang="EN-US">公斤</span></span></st1:chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">、石膏粉</span><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue=".45" unitname="公斤">0.45<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??"><span lang="EN-US">公斤</span></span></st1:chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">、过磷酸钙</span><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue=".45" unitname="公斤">0.45<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??"><span lang="EN-US">公斤</span></span></st1:chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">、复合肥</span><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue=".45" unitname="公斤">0.45<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??"><span lang="EN-US">公斤</span></span></st1:chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">、石灰粉</span><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue=".45" unitname="公斤">0.45<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??"><span lang="EN-US">公斤</span></span></st1:chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">。每亩所需原料可按每亩冬闲田单层栽培面积为</span>390</span><span style="COLOR: #005700; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">～</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #005700; FONT-FAMILY: ??">400</span><span style="COLOR: #005700; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">平方米折算。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #005700; FONT-FAMILY: ??"><br/></span><span style="COLOR: #005700; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #005700; FONT-FAMILY: ??"><br/></span><span style="COLOR: #005700; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??"> 提高菇床温度，创造适宜的长菇条件冬季寒冷，要注意保温。菇床上的薄膜除采菇时须揭开外，其余时间都要罩紧。平菇棚要把棚上的遮盖物摊稀，蘑菇棚要在棚的外表再覆盖一层薄膜，晚上棚外要加盖遮阳网或草苫等防冻。采取以上措施后，棚内温度能提高</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #005700; FONT-FAMILY: ??">5</span><span style="COLOR: #005700">℃</span><span style="COLOR: #005700; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">～</span><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="10" unitname="℃"><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #005700; FONT-FAMILY: ??">10</span><span style="COLOR: #005700">℃</span></st1:chmetcnv><span style="COLOR: #005700; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">，可保证食用菌在寒冷的冬季仍能正常出菇。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #005700; FONT-FAMILY: ??"><o:p></o:p></span></p></span>
<p style="WORD-BREAK: break-all"><span style="COLOR: #005700; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">补水控湿，保暖防寒香菇、平菇经发菌和秋季生长，菌棒失水较多，只有原重的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #005700; FONT-FAMILY: ??">50</span><span style="COLOR: #005700; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">％～</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #005700; FONT-FAMILY: ??">60</span><span style="COLOR: #005700; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">％，此时应及时补水。补水前应敞开棚门通风</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #005700; FONT-FAMILY: ??">3</span><span style="COLOR: #005700; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">～</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #005700; FONT-FAMILY: ??">4</span><span style="COLOR: #005700; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">天，补水时可用注水针刺入菌棒内，借助水泵的压力使菌棒在短时间内吸足水分，以井水为宜。喷水的原则是：喷雾状水，菇多时多喷，菇少时少喷，蕾期多喷，采收期少喷。蘑菇在冬季基本不需要进行补水。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #005700; FONT-FAMILY: ??"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="WORD-BREAK: break-all"><span style="COLOR: #005700; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??"> 注意通风换气，避免寒风袭击菇蕾发生后，呼吸旺盛，如果空气不流通，二氧化碳沉积过多，会抑制子实体的形成与生长。通风换气应在气温较高的中午前后进行，时间为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #005700; FONT-FAMILY: ??">10</span><span style="COLOR: #005700; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">～</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #005700; FONT-FAMILY: ??">20</span><span style="COLOR: #005700; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">分钟。进出棚内操作时，应从棚的南侧进出，防止干冷的寒风袭击。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #005700; FONT-FAMILY: ??"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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