[原创]也谈液体菌种设备和技术---1
<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">液体菌种设备和技术已经推广近二十年,拥有液体菌种生产设备的单位和个人应在千家以上,但实际成功长期应用于生产的仍很少,这说明液体菌种设备和技术在生产中存在较大的探讨空间,是设备问题还是技术问题、还是液体菌种与栽培技术的结合问题?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> — </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">对液体菌种设备的认识</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">液体菌种设备已经基本完善,可以开展规模化生产</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">食用菌液体菌种设备不论大小原理都一样,培养容器(瓶、罐)加无菌供气系统,看似简单的设备各生产厂家的设计都有不同,如罐的形状、空气的过滤层次、罐内液体的循环、灭菌温度的均匀性等。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>1</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">1 </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">液体母种生产设备</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">电磁摇床和机戒摇床都可以培养优质种子,最好不用固体种子(种子是否染菌难判断)和简易培养的液体种子。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 1</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">2 </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">发酵罐的形状</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">有的罐高廋、有的则矮胖,前者依据传统理论认为空气从进入液体到冒出的时间越长溶氧越多,后者则采取多供气的方法来弥补空气在液体中运动距离短的缺陷,这两种设计理念都能完全达到培养优质液体菌种的目的,在长期的应用中我们感到矮胖罐也很好用,因为这种罐灭菌时上下温差小,而且夹层与罐内的压差在较小的情况下蒸汽就可经过过滤器进入罐内,能很好的进行过滤系统的在位(安装位置)灭菌,同时可以用能耗低而供气较大的电磁式气泵供气</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 1</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">3 </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">发酵罐的层数</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">市场上典型的有单层、双层(夹层)、三层(夹层外设保温层),使用单层及双层罐在灭菌时能耗较大,有的罐靠自身热源不另加棉被进行保温温度很难达到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">120</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">度以上、且要防止烫伤皮肤;三层罐保温性好;单层罐只能自然降温,双、三层罐可以用流水降温。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 1</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">4 </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">发酵</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">罐体设置上的不合理点</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">罐体夹层应设进排水(汽)口,安全阀、压力表,内层应设压力表、温度表、接种口、出种口、进气口、呼吸口、进料口、取样口等。各品牌的发酵罐不合理点有内层装安全阀</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">(</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">负压时易吸气污染)、不装压力表</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">(</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">不知道罐内压力)、过滤器离罐灭菌(连接时有可能受污染)、呼吸器离罐灭菌(不方便)、接种口过大(火焰圈难控制)、过滤层次少到只一级(不安全、应有粗</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">—</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">精</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">—</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">精三级)、空压机选配不当(电磁式气泵、无油空压机、有油空压机)能耗相差三五倍、过滤器能力不足(过大压差击破过滤膜)等。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 1</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">5 </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">发酵罐内液体的循环</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">各品牌都以进入罐内的无菌压缩空气为动力,个别品牌装有导流装置、气体破啐网等。在菌丝球少时液体都会很好的流动,后期则有差异,特别是痩长罐无导流装置时底部液体几乎不流动,对菌丝生长不利。设备生产厂家应认真考虑让液体很好的循环流动起来。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 22.5pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">1</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">6 </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">空气过滤器</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 22.5pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">小罐因通气量小,有的用棉花或活性碳做过滤材料,棉花纤维间的空隙一般达到十几微米,它的过滤作用仅仅是靠沉降和粘附,当气流过大时过虑效果不好,几十升以上的罐多用膜过虑器,如粗过虑器用</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">0.2um</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">聚丙希、精过虑器用</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">0.01um</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">聚四氟乙希膜</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 22.5pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">1</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">7 </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">气泵的选用(待续)</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
[此贴子已经被作者于2008-6-1 15:34:35编辑过]
[注意]也谈液体菌种设备和技术
<p align="left">这是我在<食用菌>已经发表的观点仅供大家参考</p>
[此贴子已经被作者于2008-6-1 15:43:04编辑过] 好帖,学习中 液体菌种不好操作吗 好帖,学习中 学习 学习<img alt="" src="http://www.mbbs.com.cn/Skins/default/topicface/face5.gif"/> 液体菌种生产关键在哪呢? 支持,我想搞液体菌种,正在收集资料 <p>楼主加把劲呀,支持</p>
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